印度
佛告文殊師利：「有三十五大供養，是菩薩摩訶薩應知…飯、水、漿飲可食、可噉，及以可味香和檳榔、楊枝、浴香，并及澡豆，此謂大供養。」《文殊師利問經卷上/菩薩戒品二》T0468 佛教高僧認為，吃檳榔可治病，唐代玄奘當年在印度那爛陀寺留學取經，可以享受擔步羅果一百二十枚、檳榔子二十顆，豆蔻二十顆，龍香一兩，供大人米一升。酥油乳酪石蜜等。 [Circa 450 BCE]
“They are always chewing Areca, a certaine Fruit like a Peare, cut in quarters and rolled up in leaves of a Tree called Bettre (or Vettele), like Bay leaves; which having chewed they spit forth. It makes the mouth red. They say they do it to comfort the heart, nor could live without it.” – Pigafetta, in Purchas, i. 38. [Circa 1521]
Association of Betel Nut with Carcinogenesis: Revisit with a Clinical Perspective (2012, PubMed)
現代西方–檳榔鹼減緩失智
- 1988 Multiple-Dose Arecoline Infusions in Alzheimer’s Disease (PubMed)
- 1996 Differential response to the cholinergic agonist arecoline among different cognitive modalities in Alzheimer’s disease (PubMed)
- 2009 New compounds could disrupt Alzheimer’s progression (Nature India)
- 2009 Muscarinic receptor 1 agonist activity of novel N-aryl carboxamide substituted 3-morpholino arecoline derivatives in Alzheimer’s presenile dementia models (PubMed)
中華文化
| 最早記載見於東漢楊孚《異物志》(25–200) |
| 唐劉恂《嶺表錄異》記載更詳 (888–904) |
| 宋蘇東坡:「兩頰紅潮增嫵媚，誰知儂是醉檳榔」「暗麝著人簪茉莉，紅潮登頰醉檳榔」(ca. 1130) |
| 明李時珍《本草綱目》有記載其功有四: 「醒能使之醉、醉能使之醒、飢能使之飽、飽後食之，則飲食快然易消。」檳榔原是重要藥用植物之一。剖開煮水喝可驅蛔蟲。(ca. 1550) |
台灣現況
